For many foreign nationals seeking permanent residence in the United States, the employment-based green card offers a pathway to obtaining lawful permanent residency. The Employment-Based (EB) Green Card is a highly sought-after immigration option that allows U.S. employers to sponsor foreign workers in specific job categories, enabling them to live and work permanently in the U.S.

The EB green card process is divided into several categories, known as EB categories, each with specific requirements, eligibility criteria, and processing timelines. In this article, we will break down the Employment-Based (EB) categories, explaining each of the five main EB visa preference categories and the steps involved in applying for a green card through employment.

What is an Employment-Based Green Card?

An employment-based green card is a permanent residence status granted to foreign nationals who are sponsored by a U.S. employer. This type of green card allows individuals to live and work in the U.S. on a permanent basis. The EB green card process generally involves multiple steps, including:

• Labor certification (for most categories)

• Filing a petition by the employer

• Approval of the green card application by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)

The EB green card categories are designed to accommodate various levels of workers, from highly skilled professionals to unskilled laborers.

Employment-Based Green Card Categories (EB-1 to EB-5)

The Employment-Based (EB) categories are divided into five preference categories, each with its own eligibility requirements, processing times, and annual visa quotas. The categories are:

1. EB-1: Priority Workers

The EB-1 category is reserved for individuals with extraordinary skills, achievements, or qualifications in their respective fields. This category is considered the highest priority for employment-based green cards and has no need for labor certification, which speeds up the process.

There are three sub-categories under the EB-1 preference:

• EB-1A: Extraordinary Ability
  This sub-category is for individuals who have extraordinary ability in fields such as science, arts, education, business, or athletics. Applicants must demonstrate national or international recognition through achievements like awards, publications, or major contributions to their field.

• EB-1B: Outstanding Professors and Researchers
  This sub-category is for professors and researchers who have been recognized as leaders in their field. Applicants must have at least three years of experience in teaching or research and be internationally recognized for their achievements.

• EB-1C: Multinational Executives and Managers
  This sub-category is for individuals who are working for a multinational company and are being transferred to a U.S. branch, affiliate, or subsidiary. The applicant must have at least one year of experience in a managerial or executive role with the company.

2. EB-2: Professionals with Advanced Degrees or Exceptional Ability

The EB-2 category is for professionals with advanced degrees or individuals who demonstrate exceptional ability in their fields. This category requires a job offer from a U.S. employer and a Labor Certification, but it offers an exemption from the Labor Certification requirement in some cases, such as for individuals with national interest waivers.

There are two sub-categories under the EB-2 preference:

• EB-2A: Advanced Degree Holders
  This sub-category is for individuals who hold an advanced degree (beyond a bachelor’s degree), such as a master’s or doctorate, in fields such as engineering, medicine, or business. A job offer from a U.S. employer is required.

• EB-2B: Exceptional Ability in the Arts, Sciences, or Business
  This sub-category is for individuals who can demonstrate exceptional ability in their professional field. Evidence might include published work, letters of recommendation, and membership in professional associations.

3. EB-3: Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Other Workers

The EB-3 category is for workers in three sub-categories:

• Skilled Workers: Workers with at least two years of experience or training in a specific occupation, such as technical jobs in engineering or healthcare.

• Professionals: Workers with at least a bachelor’s degree who are qualified for jobs that require a university education (e.g., teachers, accountants, engineers).

• Other Workers: Unskilled workers who perform jobs that require less than two years of training or experience (e.g., agricultural workers, cleaners, and other manual labor).

The EB-3 category is subject to annual visa quotas and typically has longer processing times than the EB-1 and EB-2 categories.

4. EB-4: Special Immigrants

The EB-4 category is reserved for special immigrants who include certain religious workers, employees of U.S. foreign service posts, and other specific groups. Some examples of individuals eligible under EB-4 include:

• Religious workers (ministers, priests, etc.)

• Afghan or Iraqi nationals who worked for the U.S. government

• Certain international organization employees

This category has specific eligibility requirements depending on the applicant’s background.

5. EB-5: Investor Visa

The EB-5 category provides a green card to individuals who invest in the U.S. economy. The EB-5 visa is a foreign investor program designed to stimulate the U.S. economy by attracting foreign capital to create jobs for U.S. workers. There are two main ways to qualify for the EB-5 visa:

• Direct Investment: Investing at least $1 million in a U.S. business that creates at least 10 jobs for U.S. workers.

• Targeted Employment Areas (TEA): If the investment is made in a rural or high-unemployment area, the required investment is reduced to $500,000.

The EB-5 visa is a pathway to permanent residency through investment in the U.S. economy, and it is highly attractive to individuals with the financial means to invest.

The H-1B vs. EB Green Card: Key Differences

While both H-1B visas and EB green cards are employment-based, there are key differences between the two:

• Temporary vs. Permanent: The H-1B visa is a non-immigrant visa for temporary workers, whereas the EB green card is for permanent residency.

• Duration: The H-1B visa is typically valid for 3 years and can be extended up to 6 years, while the EB green card grants permanent residence.

• Eligibility: The H-1B visa requires a U.S. employer to sponsor a foreign worker for a specific job, while the EB green card categories offer paths for more highly skilled workers and investors.

How to Apply for an EB Green Card

The process of applying for an EB green card can vary depending on the specific category, but generally involves the following steps:

1. Labor Certification (if required): For most EB categories, the employer must first file a Labor Certification (PERM) to prove that no qualified U.S. workers are available for the position.

2. Petition: The employer files a petition (Form I-140) with USCIS on behalf of the worker.

3. Adjustment of Status: If the worker is in the U.S., they may file Form I-485 to adjust their status to permanent residency once their priority date becomes current.

4. Visa Processing: If the worker is outside the U.S., they will go through consular processing at a U.S. embassy or consulate in their home country.

The asylum process provides a legal path for individuals fleeing persecution, violence, or human rights violations in their home countries to seek protection in the United States. Asylum allows individuals to remain in the U.S. and eventually apply for permanent residency. However, the process can be complex, with strict eligibility requirements, deadlines, and documentation needed.

This step-by-step guide will help protection seekers understand the asylum process, from filing an application to attending a hearing and obtaining approval. Whether you are currently in the U.S. or planning to apply, this guide will provide valuable insights to navigate the asylum process successfully.

What is Asylum?

Asylum is a form of international protection granted by a country to individuals who have fled their home countries due to fear of persecution. The persecution can be based on several grounds, including:

• Race

• Religion

• Nationality

• Membership in a particular social group

• Political opinion

In the United States, individuals may apply for asylum if they are already present in the U.S. or at a port of entry and meet the criteria for protection. Asylum allows individuals to live and work legally in the U.S. and, after one year, apply for permanent residency (green card).

Step 1: Determine Eligibility for Asylum

Before applying for asylum, it’s important to determine if you meet the eligibility requirements. To be eligible for asylum, you must demonstrate that you:

• Have a well-founded fear of persecution: This persecution must be based on one of the five protected grounds—race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.

• Have been persecuted or have a fear of future persecution: You must show that you have either been harmed or have a legitimate fear of harm if you return to your home country.

• Filed your asylum application within one year of arriving in the U.S.: There is a general one-year deadline to apply for asylum. However, there are exceptions in certain cases, such as changed conditions in your home country or unforeseen circumstances.

Step 2: Filing the Asylum Application (Form I-589)

The next step is to file the asylum application with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). This application is called Form I-589 (Application for Asylum and for Withholding of Removal). Here’s what you need to know:

1. Complete Form I-589

Form I-589 requires you to provide:

• Personal information: Your name, address, and details about your family members.

• The basis for your asylum claim: You will need to provide detailed information about the persecution you faced or fear facing in your home country.

• Supporting documentation: This may include country reports, news articles, affidavits from witnesses, and other evidence that supports your claim of persecution.

2. Submit the Application

Once you complete the form, you must submit it to the USCIS Asylum Office. You will also need to include biometric fees (if applicable) and any supporting documents.

3. Biometrics Appointment

After submitting your asylum application, you will receive a notice for a biometrics appointment. During this appointment, you will be fingerprinted and photographed. This is part of the background check process to ensure you don’t have a criminal record or pose a security risk.

Step 3: Asylum Interview or Hearing

Once your application is submitted, there are two potential routes for your case: an asylum interview with a USCIS officer or an asylum hearing with an immigration judge.

1. Asylum Interview (For Applicants Not in Removal Proceedings)

If you are not in removal proceedings (i.e., you are not in deportation proceedings), you will be scheduled for an asylum interview with a USCIS asylum officer. This officer will ask you questions about your application, your reasons for seeking asylum, and your fear of returning to your home country.

• Prepare for the Interview: It’s crucial to be prepared for the interview by reviewing your application, gathering additional evidence if needed, and being ready to explain your situation in detail.

• Outcome of the Interview: After the interview, the asylum officer will either approve your asylum application, refer your case to an immigration judge for a hearing, or deny your application.

2. Asylum Hearing (For Applicants in Removal Proceedings)

If you are already in removal proceedings (i.e., if the government has initiated deportation proceedings against you), your asylum case will be heard by an immigration judge in an asylum hearing. You will present your case to the judge, who will make a decision based on the law and evidence presented.

• Legal Representation: While you have the right to legal representation during your hearing, the U.S. government does not provide free lawyers. You will need to hire a private immigration attorney or represent yourself.

Step 4: Asylum Decision

After your interview or hearing, you will receive a decision on your asylum application. The decision may fall into one of the following categories:

1. Approval

If your application is approved, you will be granted asylum and allowed to remain in the U.S. You will be eligible for:

• Work authorization

• Social Security number

• Path to permanent residency after one year

2. Denial

If your application is denied, you may have the opportunity to appeal the decision or request a review of your case. If you are in removal proceedings, the immigration judge may order you to leave the U.S. unless your case is overturned on appeal.

3. Referral to Immigration Court

If your application is referred to immigration court, you will have to present your case before an immigration judge who will decide your fate.

Step 5: After Receiving Asylum Status

If your asylum application is approved, you can begin the process of adjusting your status to a permanent resident (green card holder) one year after receiving asylum status. You will also be eligible to:

• Apply for family reunification: You can apply to bring your spouse and children under 21 to the U.S. through family-based immigration.

• Apply for work authorization: You will be authorized to work legally in the U.S. once your asylum is granted.

Legal Challenges in the Asylum Process

The asylum process can be complex and challenging due to several legal and procedural obstacles:

• Delays and Backlogs: Due to high demand and limited resources, asylum seekers may experience long waiting periods for interviews, hearings, and final decisions.

• Credibility Issues: Applicants must provide credible testimony and evidence. Inconsistent statements or lack of sufficient evidence can result in a denial.

• Changing Policies: U.S. immigration policies regarding asylum may shift depending on the administration, which can impact the application process and eligibility criteria.

Family-based immigration is a cornerstone of U.S. immigration policy, allowing U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents (green card holders) to sponsor close relatives for permanent residence in the United States. This pathway provides a means for families to reunite and support one another while ensuring that individuals can live together in the U.S. While the process of bringing relatives to the U.S. can seem complex, understanding the eligibility requirements, application process, and common challenges can help families navigate this important immigration route.

In this article, we will explore family-based immigration, including who qualifies to sponsor relatives, the different types of family-based visas, and the steps involved in bringing relatives to the U.S.

What is Family-Based Immigration?

Family-based immigration allows U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents to sponsor their family members for immigrant visas or green cards. The U.S. government recognizes the importance of family unity and provides opportunities for individuals to live and work in the U.S. with their loved ones.

Family-based immigration is categorized into two primary types:

• Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens: These are the closest family members and do not have to wait for a visa number to become available. Immediate relatives include spouses, children under 21, and parents of U.S. citizens.

• Family preference categories: These include other family members who do not qualify as immediate relatives, such as adult children, siblings, and certain relatives of green card holders. These categories are subject to numerical limits, meaning that applicants may face waiting periods before they can immigrate.

Eligibility for Family-Based Immigration

To bring a relative to the U.S. under family-based immigration, the sponsoring individual must meet certain requirements:

• U.S. Citizen or Lawful Permanent Resident: The sponsor must either be a U.S. citizen or a lawful permanent resident. U.S. citizens have broader eligibility to sponsor family members, while lawful permanent residents can only sponsor certain family members.

• Age and Status Requirements: Sponsors must be at least 18 years old to file a petition for a relative. U.S. citizens can sponsor a broader range of relatives, while green card holders have more limited eligibility.

• Financial Requirements: Sponsors must prove that they can financially support the relative they are sponsoring. This often involves submitting an Affidavit of Support (Form I-864), which demonstrates that the sponsor’s income meets or exceeds the federal poverty guidelines.

Types of Family-Based Visas

There are two main types of family-based visas, each with its own requirements and waiting periods.

1. Immediate Relative Immigrant Visas

Immediate relatives are not subject to the annual visa cap, which means there are no waiting periods for these visas. Immediate relative categories include:

• Spouses of U.S. citizens

• Children under 21 years old of U.S. citizens

• Parents of U.S. citizens (if the U.S. citizen is 21 years old or older)

These visas are processed quickly, and the applicants are given priority for permanent residency in the U.S.

2. Family Preference Immigrant Visas

Family preference visas are subject to annual limits and are divided into several categories based on the relationship between the sponsor and the applicant. The categories include:

• First Preference (F1): Unmarried children of U.S. citizens, 21 years and older.

• Second Preference (F2A): Spouses and children (under 21) of lawful permanent residents.

• Second Preference (F2B): Unmarried children (21 years or older) of lawful permanent residents.

• Third Preference (F3): Married children of U.S. citizens.

• Fourth Preference (F4): Siblings of U.S. citizens (only available to U.S. citizens who are at least 21 years old).

Because of the limited number of visas available in these categories, applicants may face long waiting periods. The priority date (the date when the petition was filed) determines where they stand in the queue.

Application Process for Family-Based Immigration

The process of bringing a relative to the U.S. through family-based immigration typically involves several steps:

1. Filing the Petition

The first step is for the U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident sponsor to file a Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative) with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). This petition serves as the formal request to establish the familial relationship and start the immigration process. The petitioner must provide supporting documents, such as proof of citizenship, evidence of the family relationship (e.g., marriage certificates or birth certificates), and other required forms.

2. USCIS Processing and Approval

After the petition is filed, USCIS will process it and, if everything is in order, approve the petition. If the relative is already in the U.S., they may apply for adjustment of status (Form I-485) to become a permanent resident. If the relative is outside the U.S., the approved petition is sent to the U.S. Department of State for consular processing at the U.S. embassy or consulate in the applicant’s home country.

3. Visa Issuance

Once the petition is approved, the family member can proceed with the visa interview, which includes a medical examination and background checks. If all requirements are met, the U.S. embassy or consulate will issue an immigrant visa, allowing the relative to travel to the U.S.

4. Green Card Issuance

Upon arrival in the U.S., the relative will be granted a green card (permanent residency). For individuals adjusting status in the U.S., they will receive their green card after approval of their Form I-485.

Challenges and Considerations in Family-Based Immigration

While family-based immigration is one of the most common ways to immigrate to the U.S., several challenges and considerations may arise:

1. Waiting Periods for Family Preference Categories

For family members in preference categories, the waiting periods can be long due to the annual caps on the number of visas available. Some family members may wait years before their visa becomes available. The wait time varies depending on the relationship category and the applicant’s country of origin.

2. Immigration Fraud and Documentation Requirements

Family-based immigration applications are subject to strict scrutiny, especially when there are concerns about immigration fraud (e.g., fraudulent marriages). Sponsors and applicants must provide accurate and truthful documentation to prove their relationship.

3. Legal and Financial Support

Applicants must ensure they meet all financial requirements, including providing an Affidavit of Support to show that they can support the family member financially and prevent them from becoming a public charge.

Recent Changes and Updates to Family-Based Immigration

In recent years, several changes and reforms have impacted family-based immigration:

• Public Charge Rule: The public charge rule has been revised to place greater emphasis on an applicant’s financial resources, affecting family-based immigration applications.

• COVID-19 Delays: The pandemic caused delays in processing family-based immigration applications, as U.S. embassies and consulates temporarily closed or reduced services. However, the processing has resumed, and backlogs are being addressed.

• Biden Administration’s Policy Changes: The Biden administration has taken steps to prioritize family reunification and reduce barriers for family-based immigration, including focusing on improving processing times and reducing the impact of immigration bans.

The H-1B visa is one of the most sought-after employment-based visas in the United States, allowing U.S. employers to hire foreign workers in specialized occupations. The H-1B visa program is essential for industries like technology, engineering, medicine, and education, as it enables U.S. companies to hire skilled professionals from around the world.

In recent years, the H-1B visa application process has undergone several changes, and understanding these modifications is crucial for both employers and potential visa holders. This guide will provide an overview of the H-1B visa application process, recent changes to the program, and tips for a successful application.

What is the H-1B Visa?

The H-1B visa allows U.S. employers to temporarily hire foreign workers in specialty occupations that require a high level of education and expertise. Typically, these occupations include fields like:

• Technology and IT

• Engineering

• Healthcare

• Finance

• Education

To qualify for an H-1B visa, applicants must generally hold at least a bachelor’s degree or equivalent in their field of expertise. The visa is typically valid for three years, with the option for an extension of up to six years. After the H-1B visa expires, the individual may be eligible for permanent residency (green card) if they meet the requirements.

H-1B Visa Application Process

The H-1B visa application process involves several key steps, which are crucial for both the employer and the employee to understand.

1. Employer Eligibility

The H-1B visa is an employer-driven process. This means that the employer must initiate the application process by filing a petition with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) on behalf of the foreign worker. To qualify, the employer must:

• Be a legitimate business entity in the U.S.

• Have a position that qualifies as a specialty occupation (requiring specialized knowledge and a bachelor’s degree or higher).

• Agree to pay the foreign worker the prevailing wage for the role.

2. Labor Condition Application (LCA)

Before filing the H-1B petition, the employer must submit a Labor Condition Application (LCA) to the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL). The LCA ensures that the employer will pay the H-1B worker the prevailing wage and that working conditions will not adversely affect U.S. workers. The employer must also attest to various labor-related issues, such as:

• Ensuring the foreign worker’s working conditions will not harm similarly employed U.S. workers.

• Offering the same benefits to the H-1B worker as to U.S. workers.

3. H-1B Petition Filing

Once the LCA is certified, the employer can file the H-1B petition (Form I-129) with USCIS. This includes providing supporting documentation such as:

• Proof of the worker’s qualifications (e.g., degree certificates).

• Detailed job description and duties.

• Evidence that the position requires specialized knowledge and a bachelor’s degree or higher.

• Proof that the employer will pay the prevailing wage for the position.

4. H-1B Lottery (If Applicable)

The number of H-1B visas is capped at 85,000 annually, with 20,000 reserved for individuals holding advanced degrees from U.S. institutions. If the number of petitions exceeds this cap, USCIS conducts a lottery system to randomly select petitions for processing. Applicants who are not selected in the lottery will not be considered for an H-1B visa for that year.

5. Approval and Visa Issuance

If the H-1B petition is approved, the worker can proceed to the visa issuance process. For applicants outside the U.S., they must attend an interview at a U.S. consulate in their home country, where the visa will be stamped in their passport. For applicants already in the U.S. under another status, USCIS will grant them a change of status to H-1B.

6. Start Employment

Once the visa is granted, the foreign worker can begin employment with the sponsoring U.S. employer in the designated specialty occupation.

Recent Changes to the H-1B Visa Program

The H-1B visa program has undergone significant changes in recent years, affecting both the application process and eligibility. Key updates include:

1. H-1B Electronic Registration Process

In 2020, USCIS introduced the H-1B electronic registration process for employers wishing to submit petitions. Employers are now required to register their intent to file an H-1B petition before submitting the full application. This process helps USCIS streamline the selection process and reduce the administrative burden on both employers and the government.

• Registration Process: Employers must submit an online registration during a designated period, typically in March, before the H-1B lottery takes place. If the petition is selected, the employer will be allowed to file the full petition.

• Benefits of Registration: The electronic registration system has reduced costs for employers and sped up the initial stages of the H-1B application process.

2. Changes in Prevailing Wage Requirements

Recent changes in the prevailing wage rules have impacted the H-1B visa program. In 2021, the Department of Labor implemented stricter prevailing wage regulations, which may increase the wages employers are required to pay H-1B workers. These changes are aimed at ensuring that foreign workers are not paid less than U.S. workers in similar positions.

3. H-1B Extension and Green Card Process

The process for extending the H-1B visa and transitioning from an H-1B to a green card (permanent residency) has seen adjustments:

• H-1B Extension: Workers with an approved H-1B petition may apply for extensions beyond the 6-year maximum if their green card application is pending.

• Adjustment of Status: Changes have also been made to streamline the process of adjusting from H-1B status to permanent resident status through employment-based immigration.

4. Impact of COVID-19 on H-1B Processing

The COVID-19 pandemic caused delays in the H-1B visa processing timeline. Many consular posts closed or limited operations, and processing times were extended. While the situation is improving, delays may still occur due to the backlog in visa processing.

Tips for a Successful H-1B Visa Application

Given the competitive nature of the H-1B visa process, here are some tips to help increase the chances of success:

• Prepare Well in Advance: Ensure that the employer and the foreign worker gather all necessary documentation, including educational credentials, job descriptions, and proof of specialized knowledge.

• Consult an Immigration Attorney: Navigating the complexities of the H-1B visa application process can be challenging. It’s advisable for employers and applicants to consult with an experienced immigration attorney to ensure that the application is properly prepared and submitted.

• Stay Updated on Regulations: The H-1B visa program is subject to frequent changes. Employers and applicants should stay informed about the latest rules and requirements to avoid any complications.

Since its inception in 2012, the DACA program (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) has been a cornerstone of U.S. immigration policy, offering protection to hundreds of thousands of young immigrants who arrived in the country as children. However, the program has been under constant legal pressure, facing threats of termination and uncertainty about its future. As we enter 2025, the DACA program is still very much under fire, with both legal battles and policy changes continuing to shape its status.

This article will break down the current state of DACA, explain the challenges it faces, and provide crucial information that Dreamers need to know in 2025. Whether you’re a DACA recipient or just someone looking to understand the program’s future, this article will provide a comprehensive overview.

What is DACA?

DACA was created to protect undocumented immigrants who were brought to the U.S. as children—often referred to as Dreamers. The program allows these individuals to apply for temporary protection from deportation, as well as work authorization. Dreamers who are granted DACA can live and work legally in the U.S. for renewable two-year periods.

While DACA is not a pathway to citizenship, it offers critical relief to hundreds of thousands of young immigrants who have grown up in the United States and consider it their home. The program’s introduction during the Obama administration was a landmark moment for immigration policy, but it has since faced numerous legal challenges, especially under the Trump administration.

Legal Challenges to DACA in 2025

As of 2025, DACA is still under fire from various legal challenges. While the Biden administration made efforts to restore and expand the program upon taking office, there remain significant obstacles. The most recent threat came from a Texas federal judge who ruled against the program, declaring it unlawful. This ruling has sparked a chain of appeals and legal disputes that could potentially affect the future of DACA.

Key Legal Issues:

• Federal Court Challenges: Several states have sued the federal government, claiming that DACA is unconstitutional. These lawsuits argue that the Obama administration overstepped its authority by creating a program that grants legal status to immigrants without congressional approval.

• Texas vs. U.S.: In 2024, a federal judge in Texas ruled that DACA was illegally created. The case is currently being appealed in higher courts, and the final decision will determine whether DACA recipients will continue to enjoy protection or face the threat of deportation.

• The 2025 Legal Landscape: While the Biden administration is actively fighting to keep DACA intact, it remains uncertain how the courts will rule in the coming years. Dreamers are advised to stay informed on the legal proceedings and seek legal counsel to ensure they remain protected.

What Dreamers Need to Know in 2025

1. Renewal Process and Deadlines: While DACA is still active, Dreamers need to ensure that they stay on top of their renewal applications. DACA status must be renewed every two years, and failure to renew in time can lead to lapses in work authorization and potential deportation.

2. Work Authorization: DACA recipients continue to have access to work permits, which allows them to legally work in the U.S. This benefit is crucial for many Dreamers who are integral to the workforce in industries such as healthcare, agriculture, technology, and education.

3. Risk of Deportation: Despite the temporary protection that DACA provides, Dreamers should be aware that the program does not grant permanent legal status. In 2025, DACA recipients still face the risk of deportation, especially if the courts strike down the program. It is critical to stay informed about any changes to the program and seek legal support if necessary.

4. Path to Citizenship: While DACA does not offer a direct pathway to citizenship, there are ongoing efforts in Congress to pass legislation that would provide a permanent solution for Dreamers. The Dream Act is one such piece of proposed legislation that would grant a pathway to citizenship for DACA recipients. Dreamers should advocate for the passage of this bill and work with immigration advocates to push for reform.

5. State-Specific Policies: In some states, Dreamers may have access to state-level benefits such as in-state tuition rates or professional licensing opportunities. It’s important for Dreamers to understand the specific laws and regulations in their state of residence.

The Future of DACA: What’s Next?

While the current status of DACA is uncertain, the future for Dreamers depends on both ongoing legal proceedings and potential new immigration reforms. In 2025, there is still hope that Congress will pass comprehensive immigration legislation that includes a pathway to citizenship for Dreamers. However, until that happens, Dreamers must continue to rely on DACA as a critical means of protection.

Key Next Steps for DACA Recipients:

• Stay Informed: Legal and policy changes are happening rapidly. DACA recipients should keep up to date with news and updates regarding their status.

• Consult an Immigration Attorney: If you have concerns about your DACA renewal or your legal status, it’s advisable to speak with an experienced immigration attorney.

• Advocacy and Policy Change: Dreamers can support efforts to pass permanent protections like the Dream Act by joining advocacy groups and contacting their elected representatives.

In response to the humanitarian crises caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan, the U.S. government implemented humanitarian parole programs to offer temporary relief and protection to individuals fleeing these conflicts. Humanitarian parole allows foreign nationals to enter the U.S. for urgent humanitarian reasons, such as fleeing violence, persecution, or natural disasters.

However, recent developments, including the suspension of these parole programs, have raised concerns about the future of vulnerable populations, especially Ukrainian refugees and Afghan evacuees. This article explores the suspended humanitarian parole programs, their impact on Ukrainian and Afghan nationals, and the broader implications for U.S. immigration policy.

What is Humanitarian Parole?

Humanitarian parole is a temporary immigration status granted to individuals who are otherwise inadmissible to the U.S. but are allowed to enter the country due to urgent humanitarian reasons. It is typically used to provide emergency protection to people fleeing crises such as war, persecution, or natural disasters.

Humanitarian parole is not a permanent immigration solution but offers a temporary safe haven while individuals seek long-term asylum, legal status, or other forms of relief. The program is typically designed for people who do not have a legal path to enter the U.S., such as refugees or asylum seekers, but have urgent needs that warrant their admission.

Humanitarian Parole for Ukrainians and Afghans

In 2021 and 2022, the U.S. government launched specific humanitarian parole programs for individuals from Ukraine and Afghanistan in response to their respective crises.

1. Humanitarian Parole for Ukrainians

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, millions of Ukrainians were forced to flee their homes, seeking refuge in neighboring countries and beyond. The U.S. responded by creating temporary humanitarian parole programs to offer Ukrainians safe passage to the U.S.

• Unite for Ukraine: The Unite for Ukraine program was established to provide humanitarian parole to Ukrainians who had a U.S.-based sponsor. This allowed Ukrainians to enter the U.S. temporarily while they applied for asylum or explored other immigration options.

• Afghan Parole: Similarly, after the Taliban’s rapid takeover of Afghanistan in 2021, the U.S. initiated humanitarian parole programs to allow Afghan nationals, particularly those who worked with the U.S. military and government, to seek refuge in the U.S.

2. Afghan Humanitarian Parole

After the Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021, the U.S. launched the Afghan evacuation and parole programs, which provided a means for those at risk due to their affiliation with the U.S. government, military, or NGOs to escape Afghanistan.

• Operation Allies Welcome: This program allowed eligible Afghans to enter the U.S. under humanitarian parole while they awaited processing of visas or asylum applications. The program offered an essential lifeline to individuals who were in imminent danger due to the Taliban’s return to power.

Suspension of Humanitarian Parole Programs

In 2023, the U.S. government suspended certain aspects of the humanitarian parole programs for both Ukrainians and Afghans. While the suspension of these programs was primarily due to logistical, security, and political reasons, it has left many individuals in limbo, without clear pathways to protection.

1. Suspension for Ukrainians

The U.S. government suspended portions of the Unite for Ukraine program due to concerns over the continued war in Ukraine and its evolving impact on the global refugee crisis. While the U.S. has pledged ongoing support to Ukraine, the suspension of the program has limited the ability for Ukrainians to seek parole through the system.

• Impact on Ukrainian Refugees: As of 2025, the suspension of the program has left many Ukrainians without a clear path to seek refuge in the U.S. Those who entered under the program may also face uncertainty about their future status, including the potential for deportation or removal if their humanitarian parole expires.

2. Suspension for Afghans

The suspension of parole for many Afghan nationals who were seeking refuge in the U.S. is another significant development. As Afghanistan’s political situation has remained unstable and the U.S. has shifted its focus to other global issues, the parole options for Afghans have become more limited.

• Challenges for Afghan Evacuees: The suspension of parole programs for Afghans has left many former U.S. allies in danger, particularly those who were unable to complete the resettlement process before the program was curtailed. This has led to legal uncertainty for thousands of Afghan nationals who had hoped to receive asylum or parole in the U.S.

Impact of Suspended Parole Programs

The suspension of humanitarian parole programs for Ukrainians and Afghans has significant implications for both individuals and U.S. immigration policy:

1. Loss of Safe Passage

The suspension of these programs has denied Ukrainians and Afghans the ability to find safety in the U.S., forcing many to live in limbo or seek alternative, often dangerous, routes to find refuge. Without legal status or protection, they remain vulnerable to deportation and exploitation.

2. Increased Humanitarian Crisis

For both Ukrainians and Afghans, the suspension of humanitarian parole programs has exacerbated the humanitarian crisis. Many individuals, particularly those who were most at risk from conflict and persecution, are left without adequate protection or support. This has contributed to increased pressure on neighboring countries and strained resources for refugee support.

3. Family Separation

Many of the individuals seeking parole in the U.S. are separated from family members. The suspension of the parole programs has prolonged these separations, leaving families in limbo without a clear path to reunification.

4. Legal Uncertainty and Delays

The suspension of these parole programs has created significant legal uncertainty for those who were already in the U.S. under temporary parole or those waiting for approval. These delays may hinder individuals’ ability to apply for asylum, obtain permanent residency, or find stable, long-term solutions.

What’s Next for Ukrainian and Afghan Parolees?

While the suspension of humanitarian parole has created significant challenges, there are still efforts underway to offer some form of relief to these vulnerable populations.

1. Legislative Action

There have been calls for Congress to provide a permanent solution for Ukrainian and Afghan evacuees, such as a path to permanent residency or citizenship. Legislative efforts, including bills to create pathways for permanent protection for Afghan nationals, continue to be debated.

2. International Humanitarian Support

Global efforts to support Ukrainian and Afghan refugees continue, with organizations offering aid and resettlement assistance in countries outside the U.S. Many international organizations are working to ensure these refugees can find safety, although the situation remains precarious.

3. U.S. Resettlement Options

While the humanitarian parole programs are suspended, other options, such as asylum applications, Special Immigrant Visas (SIVs) for Afghan nationals, and refugee resettlement programs, may provide alternate routes for those seeking safety.

Temporary Protected Status (TPS) is a critical humanitarian program that offers temporary relief to nationals of certain countries experiencing crises, such as war, natural disasters, or other significant hardships. For many immigrants living in the United States, TPS has provided a lifeline, allowing them to remain in the country and work legally while their home countries recover. However, in recent years, TPS terminations have been a source of concern, particularly for individuals from countries like Haiti, Nicaragua, and Honduras.

The termination of TPS for these countries has raised alarm among immigrants, legal experts, and advocacy groups. In this article, we explore the updates regarding TPS terminations for Haiti, Nicaragua, and Honduras, the impact on affected individuals, and the legal challenges surrounding these decisions.

What is Temporary Protected Status (TPS)?

Temporary Protected Status (TPS) is a U.S. immigration program that provides temporary protection from deportation and work authorization to individuals from designated countries affected by conditions that prevent safe return. These conditions can include armed conflict, environmental disasters, or other extraordinary situations.

TPS beneficiaries are granted the ability to live and work legally in the U.S. for a specific period, which is typically renewed in six- or 18-month intervals, depending on the country’s conditions. The U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security determines whether to extend or terminate TPS designations based on the conditions in the designated countries.

TPS Terminations for Haiti, Nicaragua, and Honduras

Over the past few years, TPS for nationals of Haiti, Nicaragua, and Honduras has been at the center of significant debates and legal battles. Under the Trump administration, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) moved to terminate TPS designations for several countries, including these three, citing improvements in the countries’ conditions. However, the termination decisions have been heavily contested in court, and these countries continue to be affected by the uncertainty surrounding TPS.

1. Haiti

Haiti’s TPS designation was initially granted in 2010 following the devastating earthquake that left the country in ruins. Since then, Haiti has faced numerous challenges, including political instability, ongoing violence, and natural disasters, such as Hurricane Matthew in 2016. However, under the Trump administration, DHS announced the termination of TPS for Haitians in 2017, despite the country’s continued instability.

The Biden administration initially moved to extend TPS for Haiti and even initiated the designation of Haiti for TPS redesignation in 2021 due to the ongoing political and humanitarian crisis. As of 2025, Haitian nationals remain under temporary protection. Legal challenges to the termination of TPS for Haiti continue, and the Biden administration is committed to providing relief to those affected by the crisis in Haiti.

Key Updates:

• TPS Extension: Haiti’s TPS was extended under the Biden administration due to continued instability.

• Legal Battles: Lawsuits are ongoing, challenging the termination of TPS for Haiti and advocating for permanent protection for Haitians.

2. Nicaragua

TPS for Nicaragua was granted in 1999 following Hurricane Mitch, which caused catastrophic damage in the region. The designation was extended multiple times as Nicaragua faced political instability, civil unrest, and environmental disasters.

However, under the Trump administration, the Nicaragua TPS was terminated in 2019, despite ongoing concerns about the safety of returning nationals to the country. The decision was controversial, as Nicaragua remained embroiled in political violence and unrest. TPS holders from Nicaragua faced the prospect of deportation, and many legal advocates argued that the termination was premature given the conditions on the ground.

Under the Biden administration, there have been efforts to re-establish TPS for Nicaragua. In late 2021, the administration provided some relief by granting an extension for certain Nicaraguan nationals, although the program has not been fully restored. The legal challenges to the termination continue to be a critical issue.

Key Updates:

• TPS Termination: Nicaragua’s TPS was terminated in 2019 under the Trump administration.

• Biden Administration Efforts: The Biden administration has taken steps to extend TPS for Nicaraguan nationals and provide temporary relief.

• Legal Challenges: There are ongoing court cases challenging the termination of Nicaraguan TPS.

3. Honduras

TPS for Honduras was first granted in 1999 following Hurricane Mitch and was extended numerous times due to ongoing economic and environmental challenges in the country. Like Nicaragua, Honduras has faced political unrest, gang violence, and environmental disasters, which has led to the continuation of TPS for Honduran nationals for over two decades.

In 2018, the Trump administration moved to terminate TPS for Honduras, citing improvements in the country’s conditions. However, advocates argued that the termination was premature, as the country still struggled with violence and poverty. The Biden administration extended Honduras’ TPS during its first year in office and has worked to provide stability for the affected population.

Key Updates:

• TPS Extension: The Biden administration extended TPS for Honduran nationals in 2021, recognizing the ongoing instability in the country.

• Legal Challenges: Similar to Haiti and Nicaragua, the termination of TPS for Honduras has faced legal challenges, with advocates pushing for continued protection.

Impact of TPS Terminations

The termination of TPS for Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Hondurans has had significant consequences for the affected communities:

1. Fear of Deportation

Many TPS holders live in constant fear of deportation. With the threat of losing TPS protection, individuals who have built their lives in the U.S. face the prospect of returning to countries where they may be at risk of violence, persecution, or extreme poverty.

2. Separation of Families

For many TPS holders, the termination of TPS means that families could be torn apart. Some TPS holders have children who are U.S. citizens, and deportation could result in family separations, with children left behind or forced to return to unstable environments.

3. Economic Uncertainty

Many TPS holders have lived and worked in the U.S. for years, contributing to the economy. The termination of TPS removes their legal ability to work, which can lead to economic instability for families and communities.

Legal Challenges and Advocacy for TPS

Legal challenges against TPS terminations continue to play a key role in delaying deportations and securing protections for impacted individuals. Advocacy groups, such as the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the National Immigration Law Center (NILC), have fought for permanent solutions for TPS holders, urging Congress to pass laws that would grant permanent status to individuals from countries with TPS designations.

Additionally, legislative proposals have been introduced in Congress, such as the American Dream and Promise Act, which seeks to provide a path to permanent residency for TPS holders and other undocumented immigrants.

What’s Next for TPS Holders?

As of 2025, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Hondurans under TPS still face uncertainty about their future. The Biden administration has made efforts to extend and protect TPS, but the program’s future remains subject to court rulings and political shifts. The ongoing legal challenges will determine whether TPS will continue or be permanently ended.

For those affected, advocacy for legislative changes is critical to securing permanent protections. Congress must act to provide a permanent pathway to legal status for TPS holders, ensuring that individuals who have lived in the U.S. for years can continue to contribute to society without fear of deportation.

Birthright citizenship has been a foundational principle of U.S. immigration law for over a century, enshrined in the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. This provision guarantees that any child born on U.S. soil, regardless of their parents’ immigration status, is automatically granted U.S. citizenship. However, in recent years, birthright citizenship has come under attack, with various proposals and actions attempting to limit or eliminate this right.

One of the most controversial proposals was the potential Executive Order aimed at curbing birthright citizenship. While President Donald Trump floated the idea of an Executive Order to end birthright citizenship, its legal and constitutional implications have sparked significant debate and legal challenges.

In this article, we will explore the legal challenges and implications surrounding the Birthright Citizenship Executive Order, its potential impact on U.S. immigration policy, and the constitutional considerations involved.

What is Birthright Citizenship?

Birthright citizenship is the right of any child born in the United States to automatically acquire U.S. citizenship, regardless of the legal status of their parents. This principle is rooted in the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which states:

“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.”

This provision, which was ratified in 1868, was originally designed to ensure that newly freed slaves and their descendants would have full citizenship rights in the aftermath of the Civil War. Over time, birthright citizenship has become a core tenet of U.S. immigration law, ensuring that children born in the U.S. are granted the same rights as their U.S.-born peers.

The Executive Order Proposal

In 2018, President Donald Trump suggested using an Executive Order to end birthright citizenship for children of undocumented immigrants. Trump claimed that the 14th Amendment’s birthright provision could be overturned by a presidential decree, arguing that it was a misinterpretation of the Constitution.

The proposed Executive Order sought to reinterpret the 14th Amendment, arguing that children of unauthorized immigrants (undocumented immigrants) should not be granted automatic citizenship upon birth. Trump’s argument focused on the idea that the clause “subject to the jurisdiction thereof” should not apply to children born to non-citizens who are in the U.S. unlawfully.

Despite President Trump’s vocal support for ending birthright citizenship, the proposal faced immediate backlash from legal experts, advocacy groups, and lawmakers who argued that such an executive action would be unconstitutional.

Legal Challenges to the Birthright Citizenship Executive Order

1. Constitutional Interpretation of the 14th Amendment

The core legal challenge to the Birthright Citizenship Executive Order is its potential violation of the 14th Amendment. Legal scholars, including constitutional law experts, have widely argued that birthright citizenship is clearly guaranteed by the Constitution, and only Congress, not the president, can amend or alter the Constitution.

• Textual Interpretation: The language of the 14th Amendment has long been interpreted as providing automatic citizenship to any child born on U.S. soil. Legal challenges to the executive order assert that the amendment’s text is unequivocal and cannot be changed through a presidential decree.

• Precedent: Over the years, the courts have consistently upheld birthright citizenship, and the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that any child born in the U.S., except for children of foreign diplomats or enemy forces, is entitled to citizenship.

2. Lack of Presidential Authority

Many legal experts argue that President Trump’s proposal would exceed the president’s constitutional authority. The U.S. Constitution grants Congress the power to create and modify laws, but it requires a constitutional amendment to alter the fundamental rights outlined in the Constitution, such as the right to birthright citizenship. Legal challenges to the Executive Order would likely argue that the president cannot unilaterally change constitutional rights.

3. Judicial Precedent

Several Supreme Court decisions have reaffirmed the principles of birthright citizenship, including the landmark 1898 case of United States v. Wong Kim Ark. In this case, the Court ruled that a child born in the U.S. to Chinese immigrants was entitled to citizenship, reinforcing the notion that the 14th Amendment applies broadly to all children born in the U.S.

Legal challenges to any Executive Order targeting birthright citizenship would likely rely on these precedents, asserting that an Executive Order cannot undo long-standing constitutional protections without legislative action or a constitutional amendment.

Implications of the Birthright Citizenship Executive Order

If the Executive Order were to pass, it would have profound implications for U.S. immigration policy and the future of birthright citizenship.

1. Impact on Immigrant Families

The most immediate impact would be on immigrant families, particularly those without legal status. If birthright citizenship were removed, children born in the U.S. to undocumented immigrants would not automatically gain U.S. citizenship. This could lead to:

• Statelessness: Children could be left in a position where they do not hold U.S. citizenship or the citizenship of their parents’ home country.

• Family Separation: Families could be divided, with children remaining in the U.S. and their parents being deported, or parents potentially being forced to leave with their children to avoid statelessness.

2. Legal and Political Fallout

A change in birthright citizenship would also have significant legal and political consequences:

• Legal Chaos: The constitutional and legal uncertainty surrounding the change would likely result in a flood of lawsuits and confusion over who qualifies for U.S. citizenship.

• Political Ramifications: Birthright citizenship has been a deeply divisive issue in U.S. politics, and any attempt to eliminate it could lead to political polarization and protests. It would also likely shift the focus of immigration policy debates in the U.S. for years to come.

What’s Next for Birthright Citizenship?

As of 2025, the Birthright Citizenship Executive Order has not been implemented, and any effort to overturn birthright citizenship would require significant legal battles and constitutional amendments. Congress has the authority to change U.S. immigration laws, but doing so would require a rigorous process, including a constitutional amendment to change the 14th Amendment’s language.

Given the current political landscape and legal challenges, it seems unlikely that the Birthright Citizenship Executive Order would survive the courts without significant changes or compromises. However, the debate surrounding birthright citizenship is far from over and will continue to influence U.S. immigration policy in the years to come.

The issue of mass deportations has been a significant aspect of U.S. immigration policy, particularly in recent years. While the goal of immigration enforcement is to protect U.S. borders and ensure legal compliance, mass deportation operations have often sparked controversy and raised concerns about human rights, family separations, and due process. For immigrants in the U.S., understanding the implications of these operations is critical to navigating their rights and responsibilities.

In this article, we explore what mass deportation operations entail, the impact on immigrants, and what individuals need to know to protect themselves and their families.

What are Mass Deportation Operations?

Mass deportation operations refer to coordinated efforts by U.S. immigration authorities, particularly Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection (CBP), to locate and remove large numbers of undocumented immigrants from the United States. These operations typically target individuals who have violated immigration laws, including those without legal status, individuals who have overstayed their visas, or those involved in criminal activities.

Key Features of Mass Deportation Operations:

• Large-scale enforcement: These operations often involve the arrest and deportation of hundreds or thousands of individuals within a short period of time.

• Targeted areas: Mass deportation operations may focus on specific regions, industries, or immigrant communities that are considered to have higher populations of undocumented individuals.

• Coordinated tactics: Enforcement tactics often include raids, increased surveillance, and cooperation between federal and local law enforcement agencies.

Mass deportations are typically justified as a means to uphold U.S. immigration laws and reduce illegal immigration. However, these operations have raised significant concerns about the humanitarian impact, especially when families are separated or individuals are deported to countries where they may face danger.

The Impact of Mass Deportation Operations on Immigrants

The impact of mass deportation operations is profound, affecting the lives of immigrants and their families, often causing fear, uncertainty, and trauma. Some of the primary effects include:

1. Family Separation

One of the most concerning aspects of mass deportation operations is the separation of families. Many undocumented immigrants have children who are U.S. citizens or legal residents, and deportation can mean separation from their families, sometimes indefinitely. This can lead to emotional distress and long-lasting psychological effects, particularly for children who are left behind.

2. Increased Fear and Anxiety

The threat of deportation creates constant anxiety for undocumented immigrants. Knowing that mass deportations could occur at any time increases fear among immigrant communities, leading some to live in constant uncertainty. Immigrants may avoid seeking medical care, attending work, or interacting with law enforcement for fear of being detained.

3. Lack of Legal Protection

During mass deportation operations, many individuals may not have the opportunity to consult with an attorney or challenge their deportation in court. This raises concerns about due process violations, as individuals are often removed from the country without a fair hearing or the chance to present their case.

4. Economic and Social Disruption

Mass deportations not only impact individuals but also their communities. Immigrants often contribute significantly to local economies, especially in industries like agriculture, construction, and hospitality. The removal of large numbers of workers can lead to labor shortages and disrupt local economies. Additionally, the social fabric of immigrant communities is often torn apart, as families and networks are displaced.

What Immigrants Need to Know About Mass Deportation Operations

For immigrants living in the U.S., understanding their rights during mass deportation operations is crucial. Here are some key things immigrants should know:

1. Know Your Rights

Even if you are undocumented, you still have rights under the U.S. Constitution. Some of the most important rights include:

• Right to remain silent: You are not required to answer questions about your immigration status. You can refuse to provide documents or answers to questions that could lead to your deportation.

• Right to legal representation: If detained by ICE or CBP, you have the right to request an attorney. While legal representation is not guaranteed by the government, it is important to know that you can seek legal help.

• Right to a hearing: You cannot be deported immediately without a hearing in front of an immigration judge, unless you voluntarily agree to leave the country. You have the right to due process.

2. Avoid Routines and Risky Areas

Mass deportation operations often target specific areas, such as workplaces, homes, or neighborhoods with higher immigrant populations. To reduce the risk of deportation, immigrants should avoid predictable routines and know where enforcement actions are more likely to take place. For instance:

• Avoid known enforcement zones, such as areas where ICE raids have previously occurred.

• Avoid traveling to places that attract significant attention, like courts or government offices, unless absolutely necessary.

3. Prepare a Plan

In the event of an immigration raid or mass deportation, it’s important to have a plan in place:

• Know who to contact: Have a trusted family member, attorney, or advocacy organization’s contact information readily available.

• Have your documents ready: Keep a copy of important documents, such as your passport or any records that prove your legal status, in a safe place.

• Emergency contacts: Have a list of emergency contacts, including local immigration advocacy groups that can provide support and assistance during an immigration crisis.

4. Seek Legal Counsel

If you are facing potential deportation, it is crucial to seek legal representation as soon as possible. An experienced immigration attorney can help navigate the complexities of immigration law, challenge deportation orders, and assist with filing for relief options such as asylum or cancellation of removal.

5. Know Available Legal Relief Options

There are several legal options available to individuals facing deportation, including:

• Asylum: Individuals who fear persecution in their home countries may be eligible for asylum.

• Temporary Protected Status (TPS): In certain cases, nationals of specific countries experiencing conditions such as armed conflict or natural disasters may be eligible for TPS.

• U Visa: Immigrants who are victims of certain crimes may be eligible for a U Visa, which provides temporary legal status and work authorization.

Legal Challenges and Future of Mass Deportations

While mass deportations continue to be a significant part of U.S. immigration enforcement, there have been increasing legal challenges against them. Immigrant rights groups and legal advocates argue that mass deportations violate constitutional rights, disrupt communities, and cause long-lasting harm.

Under the Biden administration, there have been efforts to reduce the scope of mass deportation operations, focusing on individuals with criminal records or national security concerns. However, the future of mass deportations remains uncertain as legal battles continue and future administrations may revise immigration policies.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare, has provided millions of Americans with access to healthcare, including coverage through Medicaid and the Health Insurance Marketplace. However, one significant area of controversy has been the question of whether DACA recipients, or Dreamers, are eligible for health coverage under the ACA. DACA recipients, who were brought to the U.S. as children, are protected from deportation and have the ability to work legally, but their access to federal benefits, including healthcare, has been limited.

This article explores the ACA health coverage for DACA recipients, the policy changes under the Biden administration, and the legal challenges faced by Dreamers in securing health insurance. Understanding these aspects is critical for both DACA recipients and the broader healthcare system.

Who Are DACA Recipients and Why Health Coverage Matters

DACA recipients are individuals who have received Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) status. They are undocumented immigrants who came to the U.S. as children and meet specific eligibility criteria. DACA recipients were granted protection from deportation and temporary work authorization, but they are not eligible for many federal benefits, including Medicaid and other forms of public assistance, due to their immigration status.

Despite their exclusion from certain benefits, health coverage is critical for DACA recipients, especially given the challenges they face in terms of physical and mental health. Many Dreamers suffer from the psychological toll of living in legal uncertainty, and some face significant barriers to healthcare access, such as limited income and fear of deportation.

Health Coverage for DACA Recipients Under the ACA

Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), most Americans are required to have health insurance, but DACA recipients were largely excluded from the law’s provisions. Specifically, DACA recipients:

• Cannot enroll in Medicaid (unless they qualify through other means such as a state-specific program).

• Are not eligible to purchase health insurance through the Health Insurance Marketplace using federal subsidies.

• Are generally not eligible for coverage under ACA’s employer-based plans, unless their employer provides health coverage regardless of immigration status.

This exclusion from the ACA’s health insurance provisions has left many DACA recipients without affordable health coverage options. For some, this means delaying necessary medical treatments, facing huge medical bills, or simply going without healthcare altogether.

Policy Changes Under the Biden Administration

The Biden administration has made significant efforts to improve the access to health coverage for vulnerable populations, including DACA recipients. One of the key changes has been the expansion of ACA subsidies under the American Rescue Plan (ARP), which made health insurance more affordable for people who earn up to 150% of the federal poverty level. However, while DACA recipients were not initially eligible to purchase coverage through the Health Insurance Marketplace, certain policy changes have impacted their access to health insurance.

1. Health Insurance Marketplace and DACA Recipients

Under the Biden administration, DACA recipients are still not eligible for federal subsidies to purchase health insurance through the ACA marketplace, but they may be able to purchase health insurance at full price if they can afford it. The Biden administration has also worked to improve the ACA by:

• Expanding subsidies for ACA marketplace plans.

• Allowing a broader range of people, including those who are currently in legal limbo, to apply for insurance coverage with fewer barriers.

While DACA recipients still face challenges in accessing ACA coverage, the extension of ACA subsidies has allowed some individuals in other categories (e.g., those with temporary protected status) to gain coverage. Advocates for Dreamers continue to push for permanent solutions that would allow DACA recipients to fully benefit from ACA provisions.

2. Medicaid Access and State-Level Programs

Another change under the Biden administration has been the increased push for states to expand Medicaid. Although DACA recipients are generally excluded from Medicaid, some states have created state-funded healthcare programs that provide coverage for individuals who are excluded from federal programs. These programs are particularly important for Dreamers, especially in states with large immigrant populations, such as California, New York, and Illinois.

Some states, like California, have taken steps to include undocumented immigrants, including DACA recipients, in state-level healthcare programs, expanding Medicaid access. However, this remains inconsistent across the country.

Legal Challenges and Barriers to ACA Coverage for DACA Recipients

Despite the policy changes made by the Biden administration, DACA recipients still face significant legal challenges and barriers when it comes to accessing ACA health coverage.

1. Legal Exclusion from ACA Benefits

Even under the Biden administration, DACA recipients are not included in the ACA’s essential health benefits. This exclusion has led to lawsuits from advocacy organizations arguing that the Affordable Care Act should include DACA recipients, especially given their contributions to the workforce and the economy.

The U.S. Supreme Court has not yet issued a final ruling on whether the ACA should be extended to cover DACA recipients, meaning that legal uncertainty continues. Until this issue is resolved, Dreamers remain excluded from vital healthcare coverage.

2. Federal Funding Restrictions

In addition to legal challenges, federal funding restrictions have made it difficult for Dreamers to access certain healthcare benefits. Federal funding rules prevent DACA recipients from being included in federally funded healthcare programs like Medicaid, leaving states to decide whether to cover immigrants under their own programs. This creates disparities in coverage, with some states offering more comprehensive healthcare support than others.

3. Advocacy for Health Equity

Healthcare advocacy groups and immigration reform organizations continue to fight for the inclusion of DACA recipients in the ACA. The National Immigration Law Center (NILC), United We Dream, and other groups have pushed for legislation that would allow Dreamers to access healthcare through the Health Insurance Marketplace and Medicaid. The goal is to end the exclusion of DACA recipients and other immigrants from healthcare benefits, arguing that access to healthcare is a basic human right.

What Does the Future Hold for DACA and Health Coverage?

The future of ACA health coverage for DACA recipients remains uncertain as legal battles continue and policymakers work to reform immigration and healthcare laws. However, there are key areas where change may be possible:

• Legislative action could result in a new law that extends ACA benefits to DACA recipients, providing them with access to health insurance coverage and a path to permanent residency.

• State-level initiatives might continue to fill the gap, with more states potentially expanding access to healthcare for undocumented immigrants and DACA recipients.

The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program has been a lifeline for hundreds of thousands of young immigrants in the United States who came to the country as children. Introduced under the Obama administration in 2012, DACA provided temporary protection from deportation and work authorization to undocumented immigrants who met certain criteria. However, the program faced significant legal and political challenges under the Trump administration, which sought to terminate it.

Since President Joe Biden took office in 2021, the Biden administration has worked towards restoring and expanding the DACA program. This article explores the restoration and expansion of DACA under Biden, its current status, and what it means for Dreamers in 2025.

What is DACA?

The DACA program was established to protect undocumented immigrants who were brought to the United States as children, commonly referred to as Dreamers. To qualify for DACA, applicants must have arrived in the U.S. before turning 16, continuously lived in the country since June 15, 2007, and met other criteria such as completing high school or serving in the military.

Under DACA, eligible individuals were granted deferred action, meaning they could not be deported for a specified period (renewable every two years), and were provided with the ability to work legally in the U.S. While the program did not provide a pathway to citizenship, it allowed Dreamers to live without fear of deportation and pursue their education and careers.

DACA’s Legal Journey and Challenges

While DACA provided protection to nearly 700,000 individuals at its peak, the program has faced significant legal challenges over the years. Under the Trump administration, the program was officially ended in 2017, though legal battles ensued. In 2020, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Trump administration’s decision to terminate DACA was unlawful, allowing the program to continue temporarily. However, Trump’s administration still worked to limit its scope and prevent new applications.

With President Biden’s election in 2020, the future of DACA shifted. Biden, who had been a strong advocate for Dreamers throughout his political career, made restoring and expanding the program a priority upon taking office.

DACA Restoration Under Biden

One of President Biden’s first actions in office was to sign an executive order aimed at restoring the DACA program. The executive order directed the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reinstate the program and protect Dreamers. Biden’s goal was to preserve the protections DACA offered while also pushing for a more permanent solution through legislation.

Key aspects of the DACA restoration under Biden include:

1. Reinstating Initial DACA Protections

• New Applications: Biden’s administration made efforts to reinstate the ability for new applicants to apply for DACA protection, reversing the Trump administration’s decision to stop processing new applications.

• Renewals: DACA recipients were allowed to renew their protections, ensuring they did not face deportation or loss of work authorization.

• Work Authorization: The restoration of work permits for Dreamers allowed them to continue supporting themselves and contributing to the U.S. economy.

2. Expansion of DACA Coverage

In addition to restoring the program, the Biden administration aimed to expand the program’s coverage by including more immigrants who might have been excluded during the Trump years. This expansion involved:

• Extending eligibility: Biden sought to make more individuals eligible for the program by reviewing the criteria and potentially expanding the number of Dreamers who could benefit.

• Improved Access: The administration worked to simplify the application process, making it easier for those who qualify to apply and receive DACA benefits.

DACA’s Expansion: What’s New Under Biden?

While the restoration of DACA was an immediate priority, President Biden’s administration has also focused on expanding the program. Some of the proposed changes and expansions include:

1. Streamlining the Application Process

The Biden administration has worked on making the application process easier and more accessible. Efforts have been made to:

• Reduce Backlogs: The goal is to speed up processing times for applications and renewals, which have been backlogged for years.

• Improved Access to Legal Help: There have been efforts to connect applicants with legal services to assist with their DACA applications, ensuring a smoother and faster process.

2. Potential for Path to Permanent Status

Biden has also emphasized the importance of working towards comprehensive immigration reform that would provide a permanent path to citizenship for Dreamers. While DACA itself does not offer a direct route to citizenship, there have been discussions about expanding protections for Dreamers and providing a legal pathway to permanent residency and citizenship.

The Dream Act, a legislative proposal that would provide Dreamers with permanent residency, has been a key goal for Biden. While the Dream Act has yet to pass, Biden continues to advocate for its inclusion in immigration reform.

3. Deferred Action for Parents of DACA Recipients (DAPA)

The Biden administration has expressed interest in expanding DACA to include the parents of DACA recipients, a policy known as Deferred Action for Parents of Americans (DAPA). Although DAPA has not yet been fully implemented, Biden’s administration continues to explore avenues for providing relief to families of Dreamers.

Challenges and Uncertainty for DACA

Despite significant strides under the Biden administration, DACA’s future remains uncertain. While Biden has worked to restore and expand the program, the legal landscape continues to evolve.

• Ongoing Legal Challenges: The restoration and expansion of DACA face ongoing legal battles. Texas and other states have filed lawsuits to terminate the program entirely, and the U.S. Supreme Court may ultimately decide its fate.

• Legislative Solutions Needed: While Biden has restored DACA, only a permanent legislative solution can provide Dreamers with lasting security. The Dream Act or other immigration reform measures would need to pass through Congress to secure a path to citizenship for Dreamers.

What Does DACA Restoration Mean for Dreamers in 2025?

As of 2025, Dreamers who benefit from DACA are still under protection from deportation and can continue to work and study in the U.S. However, uncertainty looms over whether the program will continue to be upheld in court or if Congress will pass broader immigration reforms.

For Dreamers, the restoration and expansion of DACA under the Biden administration provide temporary relief, but the future remains uncertain. Advocates continue to push for permanent solutions that would offer Dreamers a clear and secure pathway to citizenship, providing them with the certainty they need to live and thrive in the U.S.

In response to the devastating conflict caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, millions of Ukrainians have been displaced, seeking refuge across Europe and beyond. As the humanitarian crisis unfolds, countries around the world, including the United States, have stepped up to provide assistance to those fleeing the violence. One of the key initiatives in the U.S. has been the refugee sponsorship programs, specifically designed to allow ordinary Americans to offer direct support to Ukrainian refugees. This article explores how Americans can sponsor Ukrainian refugees, the benefits of sponsorship, and the impact it can have on both refugees and the U.S. community.

What is the U.S. Refugee Sponsorship Program?

The U.S. has a long history of supporting refugees through various programs, and the Uniting for Ukraine initiative, launched in 2022, is a direct response to the crisis caused by Russia’s invasion. Under this program, U.S. citizens and organizations are able to sponsor Ukrainian refugees, providing them with the financial, emotional, and logistical support they need to rebuild their lives in the U.S.

The Uniting for Ukraine program is part of a broader effort to increase the U.S.’s commitment to helping displaced people. The initiative allows individuals and private organizations to act as sponsors for Ukrainians fleeing war. This program aims to streamline the process of refugee resettlement and offer a faster, more efficient path for refugees to enter the U.S. legally.

How Can Americans Sponsor Ukrainian Refugees?

Sponsoring a Ukrainian refugee involves several key steps, from ensuring financial support to providing housing and integrating them into American society. Here’s how the process works:

1. Eligibility to Sponsor

To sponsor a Ukrainian refugee, the sponsor must be a U.S. citizen or legal permanent resident. There are also specific guidelines for eligibility:

• Financial Support: Sponsors must demonstrate that they have the financial means to support the refugee for at least the first 90 days upon arrival. This may include providing food, housing, and other necessary expenses.

• Sponsorship Commitment: Sponsors are expected to help refugees navigate everyday life, such as finding employment, accessing healthcare, and enrolling children in school.

2. Application Process

The Uniting for Ukraine program allows individuals to apply to be a sponsor online through the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website. Once approved, sponsors can be matched with Ukrainian refugees who are seeking resettlement in the U.S. The process includes:

• Application Submission: Potential sponsors complete an application form on the USCIS website, including details about their ability to provide support and accommodations.

• Background Checks: Sponsors are subject to background checks to ensure the safety and wellbeing of refugees.

• Matching with Refugees: Once approved, sponsors are matched with refugees who meet the program’s criteria, and the refugees can begin their journey to the U.S.

3. Financial and Logistical Support

Sponsors are expected to help cover initial living expenses, but there are also other ways to provide support:

• Housing: Refugees must have a safe place to stay. Sponsors can provide accommodations in their own homes or assist in finding affordable housing.

• Employment and Integration: Sponsors should help refugees access resources that will help them become self-sufficient, including finding jobs and enrolling in English language programs.

4. Community and Emotional Support

Beyond material needs, sponsorship involves offering emotional and community support. Many Ukrainian refugees are experiencing significant trauma due to the war and displacement. Sponsors are encouraged to provide emotional guidance, help them build a support network, and assist with cultural integration.

The Benefits of Sponsoring Ukrainian Refugees

Sponsoring Ukrainian refugees not only helps those in need but also strengthens the fabric of the U.S. community. Here are some of the benefits for sponsors and their communities:

1. Aiding Those in Crisis

The most important benefit of sponsoring Ukrainian refugees is the opportunity to provide direct assistance to those who are experiencing a crisis. By offering refuge, Americans help rebuild lives, provide safety, and offer a chance for a fresh start to those who have lost everything.

2. Strengthening U.S. Communities

Refugees who arrive in the U.S. often bring invaluable skills, diverse perspectives, and rich cultural traditions. Sponsoring refugees helps enrich American communities by introducing new ideas, fostering cross-cultural connections, and enhancing the nation’s diversity.

3. Building a Legacy of Compassion

Sponsorship provides an opportunity to show compassion and humanitarianism on a personal level. Sponsors can play a pivotal role in changing the lives of refugees while demonstrating solidarity and care for those in need. For many sponsors, the experience is deeply rewarding, leaving a lasting legacy of empathy and kindness.

Challenges in Sponsorship and How to Overcome Them

While sponsoring a refugee can be incredibly rewarding, it does come with challenges. Here are some common obstacles sponsors might face, and how to address them:

1. Financial Commitment

Providing financial support can be a significant concern for potential sponsors. To overcome this, consider partnering with local organizations, churches, or community groups that can provide additional resources or assist in raising funds.

2. Language Barriers

Many Ukrainian refugees may not speak English fluently, making communication difficult. Sponsors should consider providing language support through translation services, local English classes, or by encouraging participation in community language exchange programs.

3. Emotional and Psychological Support

Some refugees may have experienced significant trauma. Sponsors should be prepared to help refugees access mental health resources, such as counseling and therapy, to help them heal from their experiences.

Current Status of the Uniting for Ukraine Program

As of 2025, the Uniting for Ukraine program continues to play a crucial role in providing support to Ukrainian refugees. The U.S. government has extended its commitment to assisting Ukrainian citizens displaced by war, with an ongoing effort to match refugees with willing sponsors. The program has already facilitated the resettlement of thousands of Ukrainians, with many finding new homes and opportunities in communities across the United States.

The CHNV Program, which stands for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans, is a U.S. immigration initiative designed to provide humanitarian relief and immigration pathways to individuals from these four countries. Amid significant political instability, economic hardship, and human rights challenges in these nations, the U.S. has created a program to offer temporary protection and an opportunity for resettlement. The CHNV Program seeks to help these vulnerable populations by offering an alternative to dangerous migration routes and improving their chances for a better future in the United States.

In this article, we will explore the CHNV Program, how it works, who is eligible, and the opportunities it provides for individuals from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela.

What is the CHNV Program?

The CHNV Program was introduced by the Biden administration as part of broader immigration reform efforts. This program was specifically designed to help individuals from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela—countries facing political and economic crises and large-scale migration—access lawful entry into the United States.

Under this program, individuals from these countries who are facing hardship and violence at home can apply for humanitarian parole to enter the U.S. temporarily. Once approved, they are allowed to remain in the U.S. for a specified period while they seek asylum, employment, and permanent residency options.

The CHNV Program is distinct in that it allows individuals to enter the U.S. lawfully and safely, as opposed to the dangerous and often deadly migration routes many are forced to take. The program aims to address the humanitarian needs of these populations while promoting legal and orderly immigration processes.

Eligibility Criteria for the CHNV Program

To apply for the CHNV Program, applicants must meet certain eligibility requirements. The program is aimed at individuals from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela who are seeking refuge in the U.S. but cannot easily enter through traditional visa channels. Below are the primary eligibility criteria for applicants:

1. Nationality Requirements

Only individuals from the following countries are eligible for the CHNV Program:

• Cuba

• Haiti

• Nicaragua

• Venezuela

Applicants must be nationals of these countries or stateless individuals who have significant ties to one of these countries.

2. Humanitarian Need

Applicants must demonstrate that they are facing a humanitarian crisis or significant hardship in their home country. This includes individuals who are fleeing political persecution, economic instability, or human rights violations.

3. Health and Security Screening

As part of the application process, all applicants are subject to health and security screenings to ensure they do not pose a threat to public safety. This is a standard procedure for all individuals applying for humanitarian parole or refugee status.

4. Financial Support and Sponsorship

Applicants must have a sponsor in the U.S. who agrees to support them financially for the duration of their stay. Sponsors are typically family members, community groups, or organizations. The sponsor must provide proof of their financial ability to support the applicant, covering basic needs such as housing, food, and healthcare.

How the CHNV Program Works

The CHNV Program provides a pathway for individuals from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela to enter the United States legally and temporarily under humanitarian parole. Here’s a breakdown of how the program works:

1. Application Process

To apply for the CHNV Program, eligible applicants must submit an application for humanitarian parole. This application is typically filed by the sponsor in the United States, who helps navigate the process. The U.S. government processes these applications, and applicants may be required to submit documentation supporting their claim, such as evidence of their country’s conditions and their personal circumstances.

2. Temporary Parole

If the application is approved, individuals are granted humanitarian parole for a specific period (usually one year). This allows them to enter the U.S. legally and stay while they explore further immigration options, such as applying for asylum or a family-based green card.

3. Pathway to Permanent Status

Once in the U.S., CHNV Program participants can apply for asylum or other forms of legal residency. They may also pursue work authorization, which allows them to support themselves during their stay.

Benefits of the CHNV Program

The CHNV Program offers several benefits to those eligible for it, both for the individuals seeking refuge and for U.S. society as a whole.

1. Legal Entry and Protection

One of the most important benefits of the CHNV Program is that it provides a legal and safe way for individuals to enter the U.S., avoiding the dangerous and often life-threatening conditions associated with irregular migration.

2. Humanitarian Relief

The program offers a lifeline to those who are escaping violence, economic hardship, and political persecution. It enables individuals to build a better future in the U.S. while ensuring they are not forced to endure dangerous conditions at home or on migration routes.

3. Economic and Workforce Contributions

Many individuals participating in the CHNV Program contribute to the U.S. economy, especially in areas with significant immigrant populations. Refugees and parolees often fill labor gaps, provide essential services, and help sustain communities.

4. Family Reunification

The CHNV Program can facilitate family reunification by allowing applicants to join family members already living in the U.S. These connections help immigrants integrate into American society and provide much-needed social support networks.

Current Status and Future of the CHNV Program

As of 2025, the CHNV Program continues to operate under the Biden administration, with thousands of individuals benefiting from its provisions. The U.S. government remains committed to providing humanitarian relief to refugees from countries like Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela.

While the program provides a temporary pathway for many, advocates argue for broader reforms that would offer permanent solutions to these communities. As the political and economic situations in these countries evolve, it is likely that the CHNV Program will continue to adapt to meet the needs of displaced individuals.

The Remain in Mexico Policy (MPP), officially known as the Migrant Protection Protocols, was introduced by the Trump administration in 2019 as a part of U.S. immigration policy aimed at curbing illegal immigration and asylum claims at the southern U.S. border. This controversial policy required asylum seekers from certain countries to wait in Mexico for their U.S. immigration hearings, rather than being allowed to stay in the U.S. during the asylum process.

While the policy was hailed by some as a necessary measure to address the growing number of asylum seekers, it has faced significant criticism for its impact on the human rights and safety of asylum seekers. This article explores the Remain in Mexico Policy (MPP), its impacts on asylum seekers, and the current state of the policy in 2025.

What is the Remain in Mexico Policy (MPP)?

The Remain in Mexico Policy (MPP) was implemented by the Trump administration in January 2019. Under MPP, migrants who arrived at the U.S. southern border and expressed a fear of returning to their home countries—thereby claiming asylum—were required to stay in Mexico while awaiting their immigration hearings in the U.S. instead of being allowed entry to the U.S. to wait in safety.

The rationale behind the policy was to deter illegal immigration by preventing migrants from entering the U.S. while their asylum claims were processed. The policy affected individuals from countries like Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and others from Central America and beyond, who were seeking asylum due to violence, poverty, or persecution in their home countries.

Impacts of the Remain in Mexico Policy on Asylum Seekers

The Remain in Mexico Policy has had profound and often devastating effects on asylum seekers, especially in terms of their safety, mental health, and ability to effectively pursue asylum claims. Below are some of the most significant impacts on asylum seekers:

1. Increased Vulnerability to Violence

One of the primary concerns raised by human rights organizations is the extreme vulnerability of asylum seekers forced to stay in Mexico. While waiting for their hearings, many migrants found themselves exposed to violence, including:

• Kidnapping by criminal cartels

• Human trafficking

• Physical assaults and robberies

Mexico’s border regions, particularly in cities like Tijuana, Matamoros, and Ciudad Juárez, are often plagued by high levels of crime and violence. Asylum seekers, who are largely fleeing violence in their home countries, are often forced to live in makeshift shelters or on the streets, making them easy targets for criminal groups.

Several asylum seekers reported being victimized by violence during their stay in Mexico, with few protections available to them.

2. Legal and Logistical Challenges

For many asylum seekers, navigating the U.S. immigration process while being forced to remain in Mexico proved to be a daunting challenge. Many individuals faced significant barriers, such as:

• Lack of legal representation: Many asylum seekers could not afford or access lawyers to help them with their claims.

• Difficulties attending hearings: Asylum seekers who were waiting in Mexico often struggled to attend their U.S. hearings due to transportation issues, limited resources, and the long distances between their shelters and U.S. immigration courts.

• Language barriers: The absence of bilingual support and interpreters made it difficult for many migrants to understand the proceedings and properly articulate their cases in court.

These challenges contributed to a backlog in asylum cases and left many migrants with little hope of receiving a fair and timely hearing.

3. Deterioration of Mental Health

The Remain in Mexico Policy has had severe mental health implications for many asylum seekers. Being forced to wait in a foreign country with limited resources, under constant threat of violence, and in limbo about their futures has caused profound psychological distress. Many asylum seekers reported feelings of:

• Hopelessness and anxiety about their futures

• Depression caused by the harsh living conditions

• Trauma from witnessing or experiencing violence

For vulnerable populations like children, the mental health impact was even more significant, as many experienced significant stress, fear, and emotional distress during their time in Mexico.

4. Family Separation

Asylum seekers who were forced to remain in Mexico often faced the risk of family separation. Parents, for example, were sometimes forced to leave their children behind in their home countries or to navigate dangerous and difficult conditions with them in tow. The risk of trafficking and exploitation during this time was very real, with many families unable to reunite after their time in Mexico.

The Legal and Political Backdrop of the Remain in Mexico Policy

The Remain in Mexico Policy was highly controversial and faced legal challenges from the moment it was implemented. Human rights organizations, legal advocates, and even some state governments argued that the policy violated U.S. and international law by forcing people to remain in unsafe conditions. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and other groups sued the U.S. government, claiming that the policy violated asylum seekers’ rights to seek refuge in the U.S. under both U.S. law and the 1951 Refugee Convention.

Legal Developments Under the Biden Administration

Upon taking office in January 2021, President Joe Biden moved quickly to reverse many of the policies put in place by the Trump administration, including the Remain in Mexico Policy. In February 2021, Biden issued an executive order suspending the program while reviewing its impact. A federal judge later ruled in favor of restarting the program, which led to the resumption of some MPP protocols in late 2021. However, the Biden administration continued efforts to end the policy, and as of 2025, the program remains suspended, although certain legal challenges continue.

What Happens Next for Asylum Seekers?

The future of asylum seekers in the U.S. remains uncertain as the legal battles over policies like MPP continue. However, the Biden administration has made significant strides in revising asylum procedures and focusing on more humane approaches to handling asylum seekers.

Efforts are being made to reduce immigrant detention and provide alternative forms of protection for asylum seekers while their cases are pending. There is also an ongoing push for immigration reform that would offer a pathway to citizenship or legal status for vulnerable populations.

For those seeking asylum in the U.S., the hope for fairer treatment and improved conditions continues, but challenges remain as the legal and political landscape surrounding immigration evolves.